XTunnel

MITRE ATT&CK: S0117 View on attack.mitre.org

Aliases: Trojan.Shunnael, X-Tunnel, XAPS, Shunnael, xaps, XTunnel

First seen
2013-05-01 00:00:00
Malware type
trojan
Family
Malware family
Operating systems
windows
Last IoC activity
2026-07-15 16:45:04
Profile updated
2026-07-07 15:44:47

Targeted industries: government-and-public-sector media-and-entertainment

Targeted regions: country_code:us

Context

XTunnel a VPN-like network proxy tool that can relay traffic between a C2 server and a victim. It was first seen in May 2013 and reportedly used by APT28 during the compromise of the Democratic National Committee.

Detection coverage

  • 178 Sigma rules

Malware & tools used

  • Credentials In Files (attack-pattern)
  • Junk Code Insertion (attack-pattern)
  • Windows Command Shell (attack-pattern)
  • Network Service Discovery (attack-pattern)
  • Asymmetric Cryptography (attack-pattern)
  • Proxy (attack-pattern)
  • Obfuscated Files or Information (attack-pattern)
  • Fallback Channels (attack-pattern)

Used by threat actors

Reports & references

  • Broadcom/Symantec — Apt28 Espionage Military Government (report)
  • CrowdStrike — Bears Midst Intrusion Democratic National Committee (report)
  • netzpolitik.org — Digital Attack On German Parliament Investigative Report On The Hack Of The Left Party Infrastructure In Bundestag (report)
  • Kaspersky — 97937 (report)
  • Broadcom/Symantec — Apt28 Espionage Military Government (report)
  • Kaspersky — 97239 (report)
  • secureworks.com — Iron Twilight (report)
  • ESET — Eset Sednit Part 2 (report)
  • contagiodump.blogspot.de — Russian Apt Apt28 Collection Of Samples (report)
  • ESET — Sednit Reloaded Back Trenches (report)
  • malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de — Win.Xtunnel (report)
  • root9b.com — Root9B Follow Up Report Apt28 (report)
  • root9b.com — R9B Fsofacy 0 (report)
  • Microsoft — Microsoft Security Intelligence Report Volume 19 English (report)
  • MITRE ATT&CK — S0117 (report)
  • invincea.com — Tunnel Of Gov Dnc Hack And The Russian Xtunnel (report)

External references